When it comes to outdoor structures, a pergola offers the best of both worlds: it’s an attractive feature that also provides shade. Whether you want to hang planters, vines or other decorative elements from its open framework, a pergola will transform your backyard into a place that’s filled with natural beauty and personal style. But, before you begin building, it’s important to make sure you have a clear plan in mind and that you’ve got all the necessary materials and tools.
The first step in any permanent outdoor project is setting the posts. With a pergola, this is even more critical since the structure’s overall height will depend on how high you set the posts. To ensure that your structure is perfectly straight and level, follow a simple strategy: Set the posts in the ground before you attach any other supports. This will help you avoid having to build a concrete footing, which is an expensive and time-consuming undertaking.
Once the posts are in the ground, it’s time to lay out the base for your pergola. This is a simple process: Measure the distance from one end of your garden to the other, then divide it by 2 to find the center point. Use a level to mark this spot on the ground, then dig holes for each of the post footings. To prevent frost heave, make sure that the holes are at least 24 in. below grade.
Next, mix fast-drying concrete according to the manufacturer’s instructions and pour it into the holes. Use a shovel to stir the concrete as it’s being poured to work up any air bubbles, then let the footings cure for 48 hours. If you’re concerned about the strength of your concrete, add rebar at 8 in. on each side for added support.
Now you’re ready to assemble the main beams of your pergola. The rafters aren’t as complicated as you might think: The lower rafters are notched 2 in. from the ends, and the upper rafters are 2 to 3 feet longer than the width of the pergola. To assemble the rafters, first clamp the main beams in place, then use a drill to drive 3-inch deck screws through each joint between the lower and upper rafters.
To finish the look of your pergola, you can paint or stain it. But before you do, fill the pilot holes and screw heads on each column with auto body fiberglass filler. Once that’s done, sand the columns to make them smooth and prime them with an oil-based primer. Finally, paint the columns with a good-quality exterior acrylic latex.
Pergolas come in countless styles, but it’s important to consider what you want yours to do before you start. Some people like to use theirs to create a cozy space where they can enjoy morning coffee or a relaxing evening outdoors. Others envision an elegant dining area or a focal point in the garden where beautiful vines climb. Whatever your goal, we can help you build a pergola that’s perfect for your space and style.