Deck stairs add safety and accessibility to a deck, and they can also be a beautiful design feature. While they have to comply with code regulations, that doesn’t mean they can’t reflect your personal style. The color and type of deck board, railing style, and even other add-ons like stair lights contribute to the overall look of your stairs. With so many choices available, choosing the right deck stairs can be intimidating to the novice DIYer. In this article, I’ll break down the basics of stairs design so you can build the stairs that are just right for your home.
Before you start building, double-check all measurements to ensure that your stairs will comply with local building codes and guidelines, including the stair riser height and tread depth. Significant differences in the dimensions of your steps can cause tripping hazards or other structural problems. It’s best to plan and draw a detailed plan before beginning construction. It’s also a good idea to cross-tape your basic structure and take measurements at the top and bottom of each stair, and then make sure that the two cross measurements are equal.
Stair treads can be made from a variety of materials, from traditional wood to low-maintenance composite boards. Regardless of the material you choose, the most important consideration is that your treads are slip-resistant to prevent falls and injuries. Stair handrails are also essential for ensuring safety, particularly in wet or icy conditions.
Wood stairs are classic and durable, offering a warm and natural aesthetic that can complement any style of deck. However, they require regular maintenance, such as sanding and resealing every 24 months, to protect against mildew and mold. Additionally, wood is prone to warping and may need additional reinforcement if your deck is on an uneven grade.
Another option for a beautiful deck is to use concrete steps instead of wooden boards. This alternative offers a more modern, contemporary appearance and requires significantly less maintenance than wood stairs. It is also more affordable and has the advantage of being completely weather-proof, resistant to mold and rot, and not prone to warping or cracking over time.
If you’re planning to use concrete stairs, it’s a good idea to pour the landing pad first to ensure that it will be level and stable when your staircase is in place. Most local building codes require a landing with deck stairs, so check with your municipality before you begin the project.
A deck stair landing can be built with either concrete or wood, but it’s best to use a sturdy concrete slab if possible. A concrete landing pad is much easier to install than a wooden one, and it’s also better at resisting movement from the ground below the stairs than a wooden deck. Depending on your preference and the size of your staircase, you might be able to find pre-made concrete pads at a building supply store or concrete contractor. If not, you can easily make a concrete pad by using a form.